Core Java - Introduction

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Overview

Java language was originally developed by Sun Microsystems and released in the year 1995 as the core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform product till that year.
The latest release is Java SE 8. With its improvements and widespread popularity, multiple configurations were built to cater for the various types of platforms. for Example: Enterprise Applications(J2EE), for Mobile Applications(J2ME).
The new J2 versions of Java were renamed as Java SE, Java EE, and Java ME respectively. Java maintains the Write Once, Run Anywhere principle from the beigning.

Characteristics of Java

Dynamic
- Java is more dynamic than C or C++ because it is designed to adapt to a changing environment. Java programs are capable of carrying the large amount of run-time information data that can be used to verify and resolve accesses to objects at run-time.
Distributed
- Java is designed for the distributed nature environment on the internet.
High Performance
With the use of Just-In-Time compilers and other features, Java provides high performance.
Object Oriented
In Java, everything is an Object. Java can be easily extended because it is based on the Object model format.
Platform Independent
Unlike many other programming languages python, c when Java programs is compiled, it's not compiled into platform specific machines, rather into the platform independent byte code. This byte code is distributed over the online and interpreted by the Virtual Machine (JVM) on whichever platform it's being run on.

Simple
Java is designed to be easy to learn. If you understand the essential concept of OOP Java, it might be easy to master.

Interpreted
Java byte code is translated on the fly to native machine instructions and isn't stored anywhere. The development process is more fast and productive since the linking is an incremental and lightweight process.

Multithreading
With Java's multithreaded feature it's possible to write down programs which will perform many tasks simultaneously. This design feature allows the developers to construct interactive applications which will run smoothly.

Robust
Java makes an attempt to eliminate error prone situations by emphasizing mainly on compile time error checking and runtime checking.

Architectural Neutral
Java compiler generates an architecture-neutral object file format, which makes the compiled code executable on the many of processors systems, with the presence of Java runtime systems.

Setup
Following are the steps to line up the environment.

Java SE is freely available software kit from the link Download Java. You can download a version supported for your OS .

Follow the instructions to download Java and run the .exe to put in Java on your machine.

Once you installed Java on your machine, you'll got to set environment variables to point to correct installation directories

Windows Setup
Assuming you've got installed Java in c:\Program Files\java\jdk directory − Right-click on 'My Computer' and choose 'Properties'. Click on the 'Environment variables' button in the 'Advanced' tab. Now, change the 'Path' variable in order to that it also contains to Java executable format. Example, if the trail is currently set to 'C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32', then change your path to read 'C:\WINDOWS\SYSTEM32; c:\Program Files\java\jdk\bin'.

Linux, UNIX, Solaris, FreeBSD
Environment variable PATH should be set to point to where the Java binaries are installed. Refer to your shell documentation, if you've got trouble doing this.

Example, if you employ bash as your shell, then you'd add the subsequent line to the top of your '.bashrc: export PATH = /path/to/java:$PATH'

Editors
To write your Java programs, you'll need a text editor. There are even more sophisticated IDEs available within the market. But for now, you can consider one of the following −

Notepad − On Windows machine, you'll use any simple text editor like Notepad (Recommended for this tutorial), TextPad.
Netbeans − A Java IDE that is open-source and free which can be downloaded from https://www.netbeans.org/index.html.
Eclipse − A Java IDE developed by the eclipse open-source community and can be downloaded from https://www.eclipse.org/.

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